04.05.2015
14.04.2015
11.04.2015
Otobong Nkanga: Shaping Memory
Otobong Nkanga
Shaping Memory, 2012-2014
Lambda print
Image : 120 x 90 cm (136 x 105 cm encadré)
Edition de 5 ex + 2 AP
30.03.2015
"Tjipetir"
Seit Jahren werden gummiartige Platten mit der Inschrift "Tjipetir" an Nordeuropas Stränden angeschwemmt und beschäftigen viele Sammler. Woher kommt das mysteriöse Strandgut?
Die Tage nach einem Gewitter sind Steve Trewhellas Tage. Dann kann der Brite Strandgut sammeln, das das Meer massenweise angeschwemmt hat. An einem dieser Tage im November 2014 fand der Taucher und Fotograf eine quadratische gummiartige Platte mit der Inschrift "Tjipetir" am Chesil Beach in Dorset an der Südküste Englands.
Trewhella, leidenschaftlicher Strandgutsammler und Hobbyforscher, ist dort schon so einiges begegnet: ein Robbenbaby, eine Radarreflektorboje und Sexspielzeug. Auch von den "Tjipetir"-Platten hatte Trewhella schon gehört. "Trotzdem war es ziemlich aufregend, den Block zu finden", sagt er.
Nicht nur in England, auch an den Atlantikküsten und Nordseestränden von Spanien, Frankreich, Belgien, den Niederlanden, Deutschland, Dänemark, Norwegen und Schweden tauchten die geheimnisvollen Platten auf.
24.03.2015
22.03.2015
20.03.2015
black maria
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| Eine Mariendarstellung der Designer von der Firma Ikiré Jones auf einem Einstecktuch - mit wichtigen neuen Details. |
19.03.2015
"Gender als Alibi" Spivak
... wenn der kolonist zum feminist wird: wenn er die braune frau vor dem braunen mann rettet
gender als legitmationsstrategie für kolonialismus
gender als legitmationsstrategie für kolonialismus
17.03.2015
Absam Museum Tirol, Frauenarbeit
1847 ist die jüngste Arbeiterin in der Absamer Textilfabrik gerade 12 Jahre alt. In den folgenden Jahrzehnten werden aber auch 10-jährige Mädchen bis zu 13 Stunden an den Spinnmaschinen arbeiten. Die ab 1800 auch in Österreich gebauten Fabriken brauchen keine qualifizierten Arbeitskräfte. Im Gegenteil, je besser ein Betrieb mit Maschinen ausgestattet war, desto eher wurden Frauen und Kinder als billige Anlern-Arbeitskräfte eingesetzt. Arbeitserziehung
Aber schon der absolutistische Staat des 18. Jahrhunderts war ein Freund und Förderer der Kinderarbeit. Noch vor der Einführung der Schulpflicht etabliert Maria-Theresia – heute oft als »wahre Mutter des Volkes« verklärt – ein System der Arbeitserziehung: In Spinnschulen sollten die zunehmend verarmenden Untertanen ( Bettler- und Landstreicher»unwesen«) zur modernen Arbeit in der Fabrik erzogen werden. Die harte Arbeit in den Manufakturen und später dann in den Fabriken war begleitet von einer »pädagogischen« Rechtfertigung: Fabriksherren sahen sich als Wohltäter und Menschenfreunde, da sie mit ihren Frauen- und Kinder-Arbeitsplätzen ein Leben jenseits von »Müssiggang« und »Laster« garantierten.
08.03.2015
Welthandel am Beispiel der Handelsfirma der Gebrüder Volkart 1851-1999
In diesem Projekt, das von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft unterstützt wird, sollen die Mechanismen des Welthandels am Beispiel des Schweizer Handelshauses Gebrüder Volkart untersucht werden. Volkart exportierte ab 1851 Baumwolle und andere Kolonialwaren aus Indien und wurde bis Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts zu einer der bedeutendsten Kaffee- und Baumwollhandelsfirmen der Welt. Für die Untersuchung kann auf einen umfangreichen, bisher weitgehend unerschlossenen Quellenbestand zurückgegriffen werden. Die Studie wird durch drei Hauptthesen strukturiert: Erstens wird die Annahme vorausgesetzt, dass die Expansion der Weltwirtschaft nicht unabhängig von persönlichen Interaktionen, die sich zu Netzwerken verdichten, gedacht werden kann. Zweitens soll die Vermutung geprüft werden, dass Welthandelsfirmen in den jeweiligen Gastländern auf leistungsfähige lokale Handels- und Produktionsnetze trafen, die ihnen den Aufbau von Geschäftsbeziehungen erleichterten, an deren Geschäftspraktiken sie sich aber anzupassen hatten. Drittens soll das historische Material mit der These konfrontiert werden, dass die Generierung von Vertrauenskapital zentral für den geschäftlichen Erfolg war. Damit strebt das Projekt in doppelter Hinsicht einen Brückenschlag an: einerseits zwischen Wirtschafts- und Kulturgeschichte, andererseits zwischen nationaler Geschichte und Globalgeschichte.
«Die Schweizer betrieben sozusagen einen Sekundärimperialismus»
Es ist ein neues historisches Trendthema: Die Schweiz und der Kolonialismus. Forscher Christof Dejung über Sklavenschiffe, Missionare und Schweizer Grossunternehmer, die mit den Briten wetteiferten.
02.03.2015
17.02.2015
08.02.2015
myth of the white indian
Mystery of the White Indians
A Second Article, Giving the Scientific Explanations That Have Been Suggested to Account for This Tribe of Blond Savages in Eastern Panama [First Article]
By Richard O. Marsh
From The World's Work, April 1925, Vol. XLIX, No. 6. Digitized March 2014 by Doug Frizzle
Golden Yellow Hair and Hazel Eyes
“A canoe came toward us, and in the bow stood a naked savage with a white body, whose yellow hair, falling to his shoulders, was held in order by a gold chaplet two inches wide encircling his head at the brow. He was of medium height, but magnificently developed about the chest and arms; and he stood as erect as a king. Behind him were a girl of ten and a boy of four, and in the stern his wife wielded a steering paddle. Not one of the four gave a start when they came suddenly upon us, and the man and woman did not vary a heart-beat in the rhythm of their strokes as they plied the canoe to pass directly by us. The man eyed us with a truly regal pride and disdain, and passed us by without troubling to turn his head to see whether or not we intended to follow. His whole manner said more plainly than words: ‘I am king here; what are you doing in my domain?’ ”
In his first article, which was published in the World’s Work last month, Mr. Marsh told of the discovery of this tribe of White Indians. His present article provides a more complete account of their physical and mental peculiarities and their significance to the science of human origins.
WHEN I brought my three specimen White Indians to the United States, they interested many scientists in the government service at Washington and leading scientists elsewhere, because they led to offer a hope of solving several kinds of knotty problems.
First is the fascinating mystery of the ancient civilizations of the Western Hemisphere that disappeared under the impact with Europeans following the discovery of America by Columbus. Cortez found Mexico flourishing under Montezuma, with a highly organized political life, well-developed arts in precious stones and metals and in architecture, a literature of historical records as advanced as that of the ancient Babylonians and Assyrians, and an astronomical science comparable with that of the ancient Egyptians. Pizarro found the Incas of Peru enjoying an equally high civilization, with the additional blessing of a science of medicine as highly developed as any in Europe and in many respects superior for the Incas had originated the use of quinine, a drug of more general value than any in the Caucasian pharmacopoeia.
Within a century after Columbus’s arrival, these great civilizations had crumbled into dust. The Spaniards destroyed the political unity of these countries, killed or dispersed the men of art and learning, and enslaved the peoples in a servitude that made education impossible. The palaces and monuments fell into decay, and in modern times it is doubtful if a score of men exist who could, if they would, decipher the hieroglyphics left by the Mayas of Central America, for example, which by their variety and quantity undoubtedly hold the key to much lost history and science.
The White Indians may include some of these surviving repositories of the wisdom of the ancients, for the traditions of most of the brown Indian tribes on both continents contain the story of a miraculous white prophet who visited their ancestors, bringing with him knowledge of the arts and sciences, and who gave their people stable and wise government and all they know about nature’s laws. Cortez found White Indians in Mexico City, worshipped as superior beings. The Incas were doubtless partly of white blood. The Mayas may have been—it seems likely from the evidence. Could my White Indians belong to one of these favored tribes?
NOT OF MONGOLIAN ORIGIN
THE first step toward finding out was, naturally, to study the language. Dr. John P. Harrington, ethnologist of the Smithsonian Institution, and Dr. Paul Vogenitz, translator and language expert of the Post Office Department, undertook this task. The San Blas Indian interpreter, whom I brought also, was the first medium of communication. In a few weeks, the scientists had learned the language themselves. It early appeared that the language was phenomenal, because it was utterly unlike any other Indian tongue in the Western Hemisphere. All other Indians, whatever their dialect, use an agglutinative speech that suggests their Mongolian origin. But the San Blas language—the White Indians and the San Blas use the same—is not Mongolian in structure. On the contrary, it is pure Aryan, and most closely resembles Sanskrit in its syntax.
A Second Article, Giving the Scientific Explanations That Have Been Suggested to Account for This Tribe of Blond Savages in Eastern Panama [First Article]
By Richard O. Marsh
From The World's Work, April 1925, Vol. XLIX, No. 6. Digitized March 2014 by Doug Frizzle
Golden Yellow Hair and Hazel Eyes
“A canoe came toward us, and in the bow stood a naked savage with a white body, whose yellow hair, falling to his shoulders, was held in order by a gold chaplet two inches wide encircling his head at the brow. He was of medium height, but magnificently developed about the chest and arms; and he stood as erect as a king. Behind him were a girl of ten and a boy of four, and in the stern his wife wielded a steering paddle. Not one of the four gave a start when they came suddenly upon us, and the man and woman did not vary a heart-beat in the rhythm of their strokes as they plied the canoe to pass directly by us. The man eyed us with a truly regal pride and disdain, and passed us by without troubling to turn his head to see whether or not we intended to follow. His whole manner said more plainly than words: ‘I am king here; what are you doing in my domain?’ ”
In his first article, which was published in the World’s Work last month, Mr. Marsh told of the discovery of this tribe of White Indians. His present article provides a more complete account of their physical and mental peculiarities and their significance to the science of human origins.
WHEN I brought my three specimen White Indians to the United States, they interested many scientists in the government service at Washington and leading scientists elsewhere, because they led to offer a hope of solving several kinds of knotty problems.
First is the fascinating mystery of the ancient civilizations of the Western Hemisphere that disappeared under the impact with Europeans following the discovery of America by Columbus. Cortez found Mexico flourishing under Montezuma, with a highly organized political life, well-developed arts in precious stones and metals and in architecture, a literature of historical records as advanced as that of the ancient Babylonians and Assyrians, and an astronomical science comparable with that of the ancient Egyptians. Pizarro found the Incas of Peru enjoying an equally high civilization, with the additional blessing of a science of medicine as highly developed as any in Europe and in many respects superior for the Incas had originated the use of quinine, a drug of more general value than any in the Caucasian pharmacopoeia.
Within a century after Columbus’s arrival, these great civilizations had crumbled into dust. The Spaniards destroyed the political unity of these countries, killed or dispersed the men of art and learning, and enslaved the peoples in a servitude that made education impossible. The palaces and monuments fell into decay, and in modern times it is doubtful if a score of men exist who could, if they would, decipher the hieroglyphics left by the Mayas of Central America, for example, which by their variety and quantity undoubtedly hold the key to much lost history and science.
The White Indians may include some of these surviving repositories of the wisdom of the ancients, for the traditions of most of the brown Indian tribes on both continents contain the story of a miraculous white prophet who visited their ancestors, bringing with him knowledge of the arts and sciences, and who gave their people stable and wise government and all they know about nature’s laws. Cortez found White Indians in Mexico City, worshipped as superior beings. The Incas were doubtless partly of white blood. The Mayas may have been—it seems likely from the evidence. Could my White Indians belong to one of these favored tribes?
NOT OF MONGOLIAN ORIGIN
THE first step toward finding out was, naturally, to study the language. Dr. John P. Harrington, ethnologist of the Smithsonian Institution, and Dr. Paul Vogenitz, translator and language expert of the Post Office Department, undertook this task. The San Blas Indian interpreter, whom I brought also, was the first medium of communication. In a few weeks, the scientists had learned the language themselves. It early appeared that the language was phenomenal, because it was utterly unlike any other Indian tongue in the Western Hemisphere. All other Indians, whatever their dialect, use an agglutinative speech that suggests their Mongolian origin. But the San Blas language—the White Indians and the San Blas use the same—is not Mongolian in structure. On the contrary, it is pure Aryan, and most closely resembles Sanskrit in its syntax.
06.02.2015
Die Afrikanerin
Die Afrikanerin ist eine Grand opéra in fünf Akten von Giacomo Meyerbeer und dem Librettisten Eugène Scribe. Meyerbeer konnte die Komposition der Oper noch vor seinem Tod vollenden, erlebte aber nicht mehr die erfolgreiche Uraufführung am 28. April 1865 in der Pariser Oper. Das Werk kam in einer gekürzten und bearbeiteten Fassung von François-Joseph Fétis zur Aufführung.[1] Auch die deutsche Erstaufführung am 18. November desselben Jahres in Berlin in einer Übersetzung von Ferdinand Gumbert wurde zu einem großen Erfolg.
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The Sable Venus on the Middle Passage: Images of the Transatlantic Slave Trade
There is the journey to Africa — for example, the journeys of Jung to North Africa in 1920 and to East Africa in 1925-26, as well as the journey of Jungians to South Africa in 2007. There is also the journey from Africa. Of journeys from Africa, the most universal is the journey of all humanity from Africa, as the evidence of mitochondrial DNA has conclusively proved, but there is also another journey from Africa, not of all humanity, but the journey of Africans in the transatlantic slave trade — the "night sea journey" of the Middle Passage to the Americas.